Summary
Identificación y prevalencia de factores precipitantes en la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda en un servicio de urgencias español y su pronóstico a corto y largo plazo
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DOI
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Ostolaza Tazón I, Alonso Valle H, Muñoz Cacho P. Identificación y prevalencia de factores precipitantes en la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda en un servicio de urgencias español y su pronóstico a corto y largo plazo. Rev Esp Urg Emerg. 2025;4:34–40
Summary
OBJECTIVES. To analyze the prevalence of acute heart failure (AHF) and study the ability of the most common precipitating factors to predict prognosis.
MATERIAL AND METHODS. We studied patients with AHF treated in the emergency department of Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla during 7 periods between 2007 and 2022. Patient information was registered in the EAHFE database (Epidemiology of Acute Heart Failure in Emergency Departments). Factors that triggered AHF were analyzed with logistic regression models to explore associations with 30-day, 60-day, and 1-year mortality after the index episode.
RESULTS. A precipitating factor could be identified in 69.2% of the patients. The most prevalent factors were infection and rapid atrial fibrillation. At 30 days, atrial fibrillation was associated with lower mortality (odds ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.24–1.40), and acute coronary syndrome was associated with higher mortality (odds ratio, 2.40; 95% CI, 0.94–6.15). The associations persisted at 60 days and 1 year.
CONCLUSIONS. Precipitating factors prevalent in patients with AHF have prognostic value. The factors can be identified early so that physicians take specific measures and plan intensive follow-up.